![]() Meanwhile, Berliners and occupying authorities alike faced daily problems in communications, access by road or air, local government, movement of goods. The West resisted recognition of the GDR (East Germany), while the Soviet Union complained about FRG (West German) activities. Berlin problems were a useful stick with which to beat the other side, and until the late 1960s any constructive deal seemed remote. The erection of the Wall in 1961 gave concrete form to ideological, political and military competition between East and West. The divided city of Berlin had been, since 1945, the fault line of the Cold War. Though neither West nor East achieved all they wanted from the negotiations, the fact the agreement was signed at all was surprising to many involved. This included documents concerning access, communications, and the respective positions of the FRG (West Germany) and GDR (East Germany) in relation to Berlin. The most that we can say is that we have made the best of a bad bargain, not that we have got a fair deal (Prime Minister Edward Heath, 1 September 1971)įifty years ago, Ambassadors representing the 4 Occupying Powers in Germany-France, the UK, US and USSR-signed an agreement on Berlin. ![]()
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